Multi-Agent Systems

Multi-agent systems,
only where one agent is not enough.

Orchestrator and specialist agents with per-agent permission boundaries and a separate evaluator — designed against the failure modes multi-agent systems actually have.

Good fit: a task that genuinely splits into independent specialties Poor fit: multiple agents because it sounds more advanced
When this is justified

Only where one agent
is not enough.

Multi-agent architecture adds real coordination overhead and new failure modes — compounding errors, unclear ownership on failure, silent retry loops. It's justified when a task genuinely splits into independent sub-tasks needing different context or tools, not because it sounds more sophisticated than a single agent.

Start with AI agent development if you're not yet sure a single well-scoped agent won't do the job — most real workloads don't need this page.

Architecture

Orchestrator,
specialists, and an evaluator.

Orchestrator
→
Specialist agents
→
Shared context / memory
→
Evaluator (separate)
→
Human escalation

The evaluator stays separate from the agents it scores — an agent that marks its own work is a known failure pattern. Permission boundaries are set per agent, not inherited from the orchestrator wholesale.

Failure-mode table

What we design
against.

Failure modeDesign response
One agent's bad output compounds through the nextValidation at each handoff, not just at the end
A task gets stuck with no clear ownerExplicit delegation with timeouts and dead-letter handling
Silent infinite retry loopsRetry limits with escalation to a human on exhaustion
An agent exceeds its intended scopePer-agent permission boundaries, not inherited wholesale
Shared memory & idempotency

What agents share,
and what they don't.

Shared context is where multi-agent systems most often go wrong silently — one agent writes something another reads before it's finalized, or a retried step duplicates a side effect no one scoped for.

01
Scoped shared state
Agents read and write to an explicitly defined shared-memory schema — not each other's raw working context — so one agent's half-finished reasoning can't leak into another's decision.
02
Versioned handoffs
Each handoff between agents is a validated, versioned message, not a shared mutable object — so a retry replays the same input rather than a state that's since changed.
03
Idempotent side effects
Any agent step that calls an external system (sends an email, writes a record) carries an idempotency key, so a retried orchestration step can't duplicate the action.
Protocols

MCP and A2A,
where relevant.

We integrate standard agent-to-agent and tool protocols where the use case calls for it, rather than building a proprietary coordination layer without a specific reason to.

Evaluation

Each agent,
and the whole task.

Each agent is scored against its own task. The system is separately scored on whether the overall task actually completed — a chain of individually-passing agents can still fail the real goal. See AI agent testing & evaluation for how we build that harness.

Use cases

Where it
genuinely fits.

01Research

Specialist agents gathering, verifying, and synthesizing from different sources.

02Procurement

Separate agents for sourcing, comparison, and approval routing.

03Support

A triage agent delegating to specialists for billing, technical, and account issues.

04Engineering workflows

Agents for code generation, review, and test execution working in sequence.

Why Dwayo

No sales pitch,
just how we work.

We'll tell you if you don't need this

A single agent is simpler and more reliable when it's enough.

Evaluator kept separate

No agent marks its own work.

Failure modes designed against, not discovered

Dead-letter handling and escalation are part of the architecture.

Full handoff

You own the orchestration code and configuration at completion.

Stack

Tools we've shipped
in real projects.

Common questions

Before you
book a call.

When do we actually need multiple agents instead of one?

When a task genuinely splits into independent sub-tasks needing different context or tools — not because multi-agent sounds more sophisticated. A single well-scoped agent handles most real workloads.

What goes wrong with multi-agent systems specifically?

Compounding errors across agents, unclear ownership on failure, and silent infinite-retry loops are the most common failure modes.

How do you evaluate a multi-agent system?

Both individually and end-to-end — each agent scored on its own task, and the system scored on whether the overall task completed.

Do you support MCP or A2A integrations?

Yes, where relevant — we integrate standard protocols rather than building a proprietary one without reason.

What do agents actually share with each other?

An explicitly defined shared-memory schema, not raw working context — one agent's half-finished reasoning can't leak into another's decision. Handoffs between agents are versioned messages, which also means a retry replays the original input rather than a state that's since changed underneath it.

Can a retried step cause a duplicate action, like sending an email twice?

No — any agent step that calls an external system carries an idempotency key, so a retried orchestration step can't duplicate the side effect. This is the same discipline we apply in AI integration work generally, just enforced per agent here.

Get started

Tell us why
one agent isn't enough.

Book a 30-minute call — we'll tell you honestly if a simpler architecture would serve you better.